Wehner wrote:
Thank you for the comment.
Can you elaborate? I am wondering how a GCA was like those days, I bet they did not use radar to call you in, am I right ?
And, if this would not be too much, can you comment on the flux compass?
Regards,
Michael
Pilots using Ground Controlled Approach were guided vocally by an operator on the ground, using radar to place the plane at the final approach point, then down the glide path to touchdown on the runway.
The pilot ws advised of headings to fly to bring him to the final approach glide path,including small corrections to the previous headings given.
He was advised when to start his descent, then advised of when he was above or below the glide path, as well as given course corrections to keep him aligned with the runway..
The ADVICE (not orders) was given in a standardized manner easily understood , and followed by the pilot at his discretion.
Though GCA could guide you right down to the runway, normally, the pilot took over and landed visually when he had the runway in sight.
The flux gate compass had a remotely located sensing element that sensed the magnetic lines of force of the earth. This sensing element was located on the aircraft as remotely as possible from other sources of magnetic fields caused by electrical wiring or metallic attraction on the plane and the directional signal was sent to the dials located at the pilot's, navigator's and radar operator's work stations.
The double arrow on the dial, which was set by the knob on the instument, was to provide an easily read reference to the desired heading to be set into the instrument .
If the instrument pointer was aligned within the double arrow you were on the deired heading. You could tell at a glance if you were off course and by how much, and which direction to turn, to realign the pointer within the double needlle.
In summary then ... The flux gate compass was a remote reading compass , less affected by local magnetic forces, thus had less deviation error.
It was also less affected by attitude of the plane than were compass needles floating in "spirits", thus had no turning error, and was more easily interpreted by those who used it.